Kua tohua e te International Diabetes Federation (IDF) me te World Health Organization (WHO) te 14 o Noema hei "Rā Mate Huka o te Ao". I te tau tuarua o te raupapa Access to Diabetes Care (2021-2023), ko te kaupapa o tēnei tau ko: Mate Huka: te mātauranga hei tiaki i āpōpō.
01 Tirohanga Whānui mō te Mate Huka o te Ao
I te tau 2021, e 537 miriona ngā tāngata e noho ana me te mate huka puta noa i te ao. E matapaetia ana ka piki ake te maha o ngā tūroro mate huka o te ao ki te 643 miriona i te tau 2030 me te 784 miriona i te tau 2045, he pikinga tēnei mā te 46%!
02 Ngā kōrero nui
E waru ngā kōrero e pā ana ki te mate huka e whakaatuhia ana i roto i te putanga tekau o te Global Diabetes Overview. Mā ēnei kōrero anō e mārama ai ko te "whakahaere mate huka mā te katoa" he mea nui rawa atu!
-1 i roto i te 9 o ngā pakeke (20-79 tau te pakeke) he mate huka, ā, 537 miriona tāngata puta noa i te ao
-I te tau 2030, ka pāngia te 1 i roto i te 9 o ngā pakeke e te mate huka, ā, ka eke ki te 643 miriona te katoa
-I te tau 2045, ka pāngia te 1 i roto i te 8 o ngā pakeke e te mate huka, ā, ka eke ki te 784 miriona te katoa
-80% o te hunga mate huka e noho ana i ngā whenua iti me te waenga-moni whiwhi
-E 6.7 miriona ngā mate i mate i te mate huka i te tau 2021, he rite ki te 1 mate i te mate huka i ia 5 hēkona
-240 miriona (44%) te hunga mate huka puta noa i te ao kāore i te tautuhia
-E $966 piriona te utu hauora o te ao mō te mate huka i te tau 2021, he whika kua piki ake mā te 316% i roto i ngā tau 15 kua hipa.
-1 i roto i te 10 ngā pakeke he mate huka ngoikore, ā, 541 miriona tāngata puta noa i te ao e tino mōrearea ana ki te mate huka momo 2;
-68% o ngā pakeke mate huka e noho ana i ngā whenua 10 e nui ana te hunga mate huka.
03 Ngā raraunga mate huka i Haina
Ko te rohe o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa ki te Hauāuru, kei reira a Haina, te "kaha matua" i waenga i te taupori mate huka o te ao. Kotahi i roto i te whā o ngā tūroro mate huka o te ao he Hainamana. I Haina, neke atu i te 140 miriona tāngata e noho ana me te mate huka momo 2, e rite ana ki te 1 i roto i te 9 tāngata e noho ana me te mate huka. Ko te ōwehenga o te hunga kāore i kitea he mate huka e eke ana ki te 50.5%, e matapaetia ana ka eke ki te 164 miriona i te tau 2030 me te 174 miriona i te tau 2045.
Ngā mōhiohio matua kotahi
Ko te mate huka tētahi o ngā mate pūmau e tino pā kino ana ki te hauora o ō tātou kainoho. Mēnā kāore e rongoatia tika ngā tūroro mate huka, ka pā mai pea ngā pānga kino pērā i te mate pūnaha toto, te matapo, te mate pukupuku waewae, me te ngoikore o te whatukuhu.
Ngā mōhiohio matua tuarua
Ko ngā tohu matua o te mate huka ko te "toru atu, kotahi te iti iho" (polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, te ngaronga taumaha), ā, ko ētahi tūroro e pāngia ana e tēnei mate kāore he tohu whaimana.
Ngā mōhiohio matua tuatoru
Ko te hunga e tino mōrearea ana he nui ake te tūponotanga ki te pāngia e te mate huka i te taupori whānui, ā, ki te nui ake ngā āhuatanga mōrearea, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ki te pāngia e te mate huka. Ko ngā āhuatanga mōrearea noa mō te mate huka momo 2 i roto i ngā pakeke ko: te pakeke neke atu i te 40 tau te pakeke, te momona, te toto toto tiketike, te mate ngakau, te dyslipidemia, te hītori o te prediabetes, te hītori whānau, te hītori whānau macrosomia, te hītori rānei o te mate huka hapūtanga.
Ngā mōhiohio matua tuawhā
Me piripono tonu ngā tūroro mate huka ki te maimoatanga whānui mō te wā roa. Ka taea te whakahaere pai i te nuinga o te mate huka mā te maimoatanga pūtaiao me te arorau. Ka taea e ngā tūroro te noho ora noa, kaua ki te mate wawe, ki te hauātanga rānei nā te mate huka.
Ngā mōhiohio matua rima
Me whai kai hauora motuhake ngā tūroro mate huka. Me whakahaere e ngā tūroro mate huka momo 2 te nui o te pūngao e kainga ana e rātou mā te aromatawai i te āhua o ō rātou kai me te whakatakoto i ngā whāinga me ngā mahere hauora hauora e tika ana i raro i te arataki a tētahi tohunga kai, a tētahi rōpū whakahaere whakauru rānei (tae atu ki tētahi kaiwhakaako mate huka).
Ngā mōhiohio matua ono
Me whakahaerehia e ngā tūroro mate huka te whakangungu tinana i raro i te aratohu a ngā tohunga.
Ngā mōhiohio matua whitu
Me aroturukitia tonutia te huka toto, te taumaha, ngā ngako, me te toto toto o te hunga mate huka.
Whakamātautau Macro me Micro i Beijing: Ka āwhina a Wes-Plus i te kimi momo mate huka
E ai ki te "Chinese Expert Consensus on Diabetes Typing Diagnosis" o te tau 2022, ka whakawhirinaki mātou ki te hangarau raupapatanga tere-whakawhiti hei tirotiro i ngā ira karihi me ngā ira mitochondrial, ā, ka hipokina hoki e mātou te HLA-locus hei āwhina i te aromatawai i te mōrearea o te mate huka momo 1.
Ka ārahi whānuitia e ia te tautuhi me te maimoatanga tika me te aromatawai mōrearea ira o ngā tūroro mate huka, ā, ka āwhina i ngā tākuta ki te whakatakoto mahere tautuhi me te maimoatanga takitahi.
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi 25-2022