Ko te mate huka he rōpū mate pāwera e tohuhia ana e te hyperglycemia, e puta mai ana i te hapa o te whakaputanga insulin, i te ngoikore rānei o te mahi koiora, i ngā mea e rua rānei. Ko te hyperglycemia roa i roto i te mate huka ka arahi ki te kino mau tonu, te kore mahi me ngā raruraru mau tonu o ngā kiko maha, inā koa ko ngā kanohi, ngā whatukuhu, te ngākau, ngā oko toto me ngā io, ka horapa puta noa i ngā whekau nui o te tinana katoa, ka arahi ki te macroangiopathy me te microangiopathy, ka arahi ki te hekenga o te kounga o te oranga o ngā tūroro. Ka taea e ngā raruraru whakapeka te morearea ki te ora mena kaore i te rongoatia i te wa tika. Ka roa te ora o tēnei mate, ā, he uaua ki te rongoa.
Kia pēhea te tata o te mate huka ki a tātou?
Hei whakaoho i te mōhiotanga o te iwi ki te mate huka, mai i te tau 1991, kua tohua e te International Diabetes Federation (IDF) me te World Health Organization (WHO) te 14 o Noema hei "Rā Mate Huka o te Kotahitanga o ngā Whenua o te Ao".
Nā te mea kei te rangatahi haere te mate huka, me tūpato te katoa ki te putanga mai o te mate huka! E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga kotahi i roto i te 10 tāngata i Haina e pāngia ana e te mate huka, e whakaatu ana i te teitei o te auau o te mate huka. Ko te mea whakamataku rawa atu, ina pāngia te mate huka, kāore e taea te whakaora, ā, me noho tonu koe i raro i te atarangi o te whakahaere huka mō te oranga katoa.
Hei tētahi o ngā tūāpapa e toru o ngā mahi a te tangata, he puna pūngao nui te huka mō tātou. He aha te pānga o te mate huka ki ō tātou oranga? Me pēhea te aromatawai me te ārai?
Me pēhea te whakatau he mate huka tōu?
I te tīmatanga o te mate, he tokomaha te hunga kāore i te mōhio kei te pāngia rātou e te mate nā te mea kāore i te tino kitea ngā tohu. E ai ki "Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in China (2020 Edition)", ko te reiti mōhiotanga mō te mate huka i Haina he 36.5% noa iho.
Mena he maha ngā wā ka pāngia koe e ēnei tohu, he mea pai kia inehia tō huka toto. Kia tūpato ki ngā huringa o tō tinana kia taea ai te kite wawe me te whakahaere wawe i te mate.
Ehara i te mea kino te mate huka, engari ko ngā raruraru o te mate huka!
Ka pā he kino kino ki te kore e pai te whakahaere i te mate huka.
He maha ngā wā ka pāngia ngā tūroro mate huka e te pākia rerekē o te ngako me te pūmua. Ka pāngia ngā whekau maha e te hyperglycemia roa, inā koa ngā kanohi, te ngākau, ngā oko toto, ngā whatukuhu me ngā io, ka pāngia rānei e te ngoikore, te ngoikore rānei o ngā whekau, ka arahi ki te hauātanga, te mate wawe rānei. Ko ngā raruraru noa o te mate huka ko te whiu, te mate ngakau retinopathy, te mate huka nephropathy, te waewae mate huka me ētahi atu.
● Ko te mōrearea o ngā mate pūnaha toto me ngā mate pūnaha roro i roto i ngā tūroro mate huka e 2-4 ngā wā teitei ake i tērā o te hunga kāore i te mate huka o te tau me te ira tangata, ā, ko te tau tīmatanga o ngā mate pūnaha toto me ngā mate pūnaha roro ka pakeke haere, ā, ka nui ake te kino o te āhua.
● He maha ngā wā ka pāngia ngā tūroro mate huka e te toto toto tiketike me te dyslipidemia.
● Ko te mate retinopathy mate huka te tino take o te matapo i roto i te hunga pakeke.
● Ko te mate pūkahukahu mate huka tētahi o ngā tino take o te ngoikore o te whatukuhu.
Ka taea e te waewae mate huka te arahi ki te tapahi.
Te ārai i te mate huka
●Whakawhanuitia te mōhiotanga ki te ārai me te rongoā i te mate huka.
● Kia mau ki tētahi momo noho hauora mā te kai tika me te whakakori tinana auau.
● Me whakamātau te hunga hauora i te huka toto i te wā nohopuku kotahi i te tau mai i te 40 tau te pakeke, ā, me whakamātau te hunga kua pāngia e te mate huka i te huka toto i te wā nohopuku kotahi i ia ono marama, i te 2 hāora rānei i muri i te kai.
● Te wawaotanga wawe i roto i te taupori i mua i te mate huka.
Mā te whakahaere i te kai me te whakakori tinana, ka eke te taupū papatipu tinana o te hunga taumaha rawa me te momona ki te 24, ka heke rānei tō rātou taumaha mā te 7% pea, ka taea te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te mate huka i roto i te hunga kua pāngia e te mate huka mā te 35-58%.
Te maimoatanga whānui o ngā tūroro mate huka
Ko te whakaora kai, te whakaora korikori tinana, te whakaora rongoā, te mātauranga hauora me te aroturuki i te huka toto, ko ēnei ngā tikanga maimoatanga whānui e rima mō te mate huka.
● Ka taea e ngā tūroro mate huka te whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā raruraru mate huka mā te mahi i ngā mahi pēnei i te whakaheke i te huka toto, te whakaheke i te toto toto, te whakatikatika i ngā ngako toto me te whakahaere i te taumaha, me te whakatika i ngā tikanga noho kino pēnei i te whakamutu i te momi hikareti, te whakawhāiti i te waipiro, te whakahaere i te hinu, te whakaiti i te tote me te whakanui ake i te korikori tinana.
He tikanga whai hua te whakahaere-ā-koe i ngā tūroro mate huka hei whakahaere i te āhua o te mate huka, ā, me whakahaere te aroturuki-ā-koe i te huka toto i raro i te arataki a ngā tākuta ngaio me/ranei ngā nēhi.
● Whakaorahia te mate huka, whakahaeretia te mate i runga i te pumau, whakaroa i ngā raruraru, ā, ka taea e ngā tūroro mate huka te noho ora pērā i te tangata noa.
Otinga mate huka
Nā reira, ko te kete whakamātautau HbA1c i whakawhanakehia e Hongwei TES e whakarato ana i ngā otinga mō te tātaritanga, te maimoatanga me te aroturukitanga o te mate huka:
Kete whakatau i te hemoglobin glycosylated (HbA1c) (fluorescence immunochromatography)
He tawhā matua te HbA1c hei aroturuki i te whakahaere i te mate huka me te aromatawai i te mōrearea o ngā raruraru uaua iti, ā, he paerewa tātaritanga hoki mō te mate huka. Ko tōna kukū e whakaata ana i te huka toto toharite i roto i ngā marama e rua ki te toru kua hipa, he mea āwhina ki te aromatawai i te pānga o te whakahaere huka i roto i ngā tūroro mate huka. He mea āwhina te aroturuki i te HbA1c ki te kimi i ngā raruraru mau tonu o te mate huka, ā, ka taea hoki te āwhina ki te wehewehe i te hyperglycemia i te mate huka hapūtanga.
Momo tauira: toto katoa
Teitei o te Taumaha: ≤5%
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi 14-2023