1 he aha te malaria
He mate pirinoa ka taea te ārai, ka taea hoki te rongoā te malaria, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te "shakes" me te "cold fever", ā, ko tētahi o ngā mate pipiri e tino mōrearea ana ki te oranga o te tangata huri noa i te ao.
He mate pāwera te malaria e kawea ana e ngā pepeke, e hua mai ana i te ngau a te Anopheles, i te whakawhiti toto rānei mai i te hunga whai plasmodium.
E whā ngā momo pirinoa plasmodium e noho ana i roto i te tinana o te tangata:
2 ngā rohe mate urutā
Tae noa mai ki tēnei wā, kei te tino kino tonu te mate urutā o te ao, ā, e 40% o te taupori o te ao e noho ana i ngā wāhi e pangia ana e te mate urutā.
Ko te mate malaria tonu te mate tino kino rawa atu i te whenua o Āwherika, me te tata ki te 500 miriona tāngata e noho ana i ngā rohe e horapa ana te mate malaria. I ia tau, tata ki te 100 miriona tāngata huri noa i te ao e pāngia ana e ngā tohu haumanu o te mate malaria, 90% o rātou kei te whenua o Āwherika, ā, neke atu i te 2 miriona tāngata e mate ana i te mate malaria i ia tau. Ko Āhia ki te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti me te pokapū hoki ngā rohe e horapa ana te mate malaria. Kei te horapa tonu te mate malaria i Amerika Waenga me Amerika ki te Tonga.
I te 30 o Hune, 2021, i kī te WHO kua whakamanahia a Haina he kore mate malaria.
3 te ara tuku o te malaria
01. Te horapa i te namu
Ko te ara matua o te tuku:
Ngauhia e te waeroa he plasmodium tōna e mau ana.
02. Te tuku toto
Ka pā te mate malaria whānau mai i te whenua kua pakaru, i te toto whaea rānei kua pangia e te plasmodium i te wā e whānau ana.
Hei tāpiritanga, ka taea hoki te pangia e te malaria mā te kawemai i te toto kua pangia ki te plasmodium.
4 Ngā āhuatanga noa o te malaria
Mai i te pangia o te tangata e te plasmodium tae noa ki te tīmatanga (te pāmahana o te waha neke atu i te 37.8℃), ka kiia tēnei ko te wā whakatipu.
Kei roto i te wā whakatipu te wā katoa o te infrared me te huringa whakaputa uri tuatahi o te wā whero. Ko te malaria vivax whānui, ko te malaria ovoid mō ngā rā 14, ko te malaria falciparum mō ngā rā 12, me te malaria toru rā mō ngā rā 30.
Ka rerekē pea ngā wā whakatipu i te nui o ngā protozoa kua pangia, i ngā momo rerekē, i te ārai mate tangata rerekē, me ngā momo pangia rerekē.
Kei ngā rohe mahana ētahi momo pepeke e kīia ana he roa te noho, ā, ka roa pea ki te 8 ~ 14 marama.
Ko te wā whakatipu o te mate whakawhiti toto he 7 ~ 10 ngā rā. He poto ake te wā whakatipu o te malaria i roto i te kōpū.
Ka taea te whakaroa i te wā whakatipu mō te hunga whai ārai mate, mō te hunga rānei kua tango i ngā rongoā ārai mate.
5 Te ārai me te rongoā
01. Ka horahia te mate malaria e ngā waeroa. Ko te tiaki whaiaro te mea nui hei ārai i ngā ngau a te waeroa. Ina koa i waho, ngana ki te mau i ngā kākahu tiaki, pērā i ngā ringaringa roa me ngā tarau. Ka taea te pania te kiri e kitea ana ki te ārai waeroa.
02. Kia pai te mahi tiaki whānau, whakamahia ngā kupenga waeroa, ngā tatau ārai me ngā ārai, me te rehu i ngā rongoā whakamate waeroa ki roto i te rūma moe i mua i te haere ki te moe.
03. Kia aro ki te akuaku o te taiao, tangohia ngā para me ngā taru kino, whakakīia ngā poka waipara, ā, kia pai te mahi ki te whakahaere i ngā namu.
otinga
Makro-Maikoro me te Tte wākua whakawhanakehia he raupapa o ngā kete kimi mō te kimi malaria, ka taea te whakamahi ki te tūāpapa PCR fluorescence, te tūāpapa whakanui isothermal me te tūāpapa immunochromatography, ā, ka whakarato i tētahi otinga whānui me te whānui mō te tātaritanga, te aroturuki maimoatanga me te matapae o te mate plasmodium:
01/pūhara immunochromatographic
Plasmodium Falciparum/Plasmodium Vivax AntigenKete Kimi
Kete kimi i te antigen Plasmodium falciparum
Kete kimi i te antigen Plasmodium
He pai mō te kimi me te tautuhi i te Plasmodium falciparum (PF), Plasmodium vivax (PV), Plasmodium ovatum (PO) Plasmodium vivax (PM) rānei i roto i te toto uaua, i te toto capillary rānei o te hunga whai tohu me ngā tohu malaria i roto i te vitro, ā, ka taea te āwhina i te tautuhi i te mate plasmodium.
Mahi māmā: tikanga e toru ngā taahiraa
Te rokiroki me te kawe i te pāmahana rūma: Te rokiroki me te kawe i te pāmahana rūma mō ngā marama 24.
Ngā hua tika: he tino tairongo me te motuhake.
02/pūhara PCR hihi-ā-rangi
Kete kimi waikawa karihi Plasmodium
He pai mō te kimi me te tautuhi i te Plasmodium falciparum (PF), Plasmodium vivax (PV), Plasmodium ovatum (PO) Plasmodium vivax (PM) rānei i roto i te toto uaua, i te toto capillary rānei o te hunga whai tohu me ngā tohu malaria i roto i te vitro, ā, ka taea te āwhina i te tautuhi i te mate plasmodium.
Mana whakahaere kounga tohutoro ā-roto: aroturuki whānuitia te tukanga whakamātautau kia pai ai te kounga o te whakamātautau.
Teitei o te aro: 5 Ngā Tārua/μL
Teitei o te motuhaketanga: kāore he tauhohenga whakawhiti ki ngā mate manawa noa.
03/Pūhara whakanui pāmahana pumau.
Kete kimi waikawa karihi Plasmodium
He mea pai mō te kimi kounga o te waikawa karihi plasmodium i roto i ngā tauira toto ā-taha e whakapaetia ana kua pangia e te plasmodium.
Mana whakahaere kounga tohutoro ā-roto: aroturuki whānuitia te tukanga whakamātautau kia pai ai te kounga o te whakamātautau.
Teitei o te aro: 5 Ngā Tārua/μL
Teitei o te motuhaketanga: kāore he tauhohenga whakawhiti ki ngā mate manawa noa.
Wā tuku: Paenga-whāwhā-26-2024